Tag Archives: University of Leeds

I don’t like Mondays

I don’t like Mondays blue. I do actually like Mondays, unlike The Bangles. But I don’t like blue. In this, I am out of step with the majority of people. Most studies on colour preference show that blue is one of the most preferred colours, irrespective of gender or culture. But, of course, some people don’t like it and I am one of those people.

The graph below is from one of my papers. It shows the per cent of people who selected each of 6 colours when we asked which was their favourite.

When we talk about liking or disliking a colour there are two caveats of course. The first is that there are lots of different blues. You might quite like one blue but not another. Most of the literature – including some of my own papers – not only focus exclusively on hue (as in the graph above) but only look at what we might call the focal colours of these hues. This grossly over simplifies the situation.

The second caveat is that although it is fine to talk about colour preference in an abstract sense, in practical terms you might like a colour in one context but not another. To give a ludicrously simple example: you might like a red car but not a red wedding dress. So we need to talk about context in a professional design scenario.

I am writing this because today I was walking in Leeds and heading towards the university where I work and I was reminded of this interesting blue structure that appeared a few years ago.

To say I don’t like it is an under statement. I think it is horrid. I cringe every time I see it. I generally don’t like blue but this particularly colour of blue is the most horrible.

Sometimes in Leeds I would go to a coffee shop that is associated with Harvey Nichols. They have rebranded it as Rabbit Hole Coffee. Imagine my shock when I saw the horrible blue that they used.

In a design context there is a role for blue and for this sort of blue. It is used quite a lot by Greggs and Tesco.

In these two cases it is a good use of the colour blue. In my opinion it looks cheap. And for Greggs that is fine. They don’t pretend to compete with Harvey Nichols. They want to communicate to their consumers that what they sell is not expensive and that is great. And it also works well for Tesco (although it is a slightly different blue to the blue used by Greggs). Tesco don’t specifically want to communicate that they are cheap but they do want to communicate that they are good value. Definitely not on the pricey side, as we say in the UK.

So even though I don’t like blue personally I can endorse its use by Tesco and Greggs. But the University of Leeds and the Harvey Nichols cafe? I think it is a really poor choice. I would have much preferred the lovely Leeds (legacy) green which you can see on the structure just to the left of the blue tower. Even a lovely red would nice. These are the University of Leeds brand colours, which have a gorgeous dark red,

with these two legacy colours:

Colour Intelligence

It’s quite exciting to announce that this week I founded Colour Intelligence with my colleague Dr Kaida Xiao. We have some quite exciting things planned. It’s my second time running a start-up. I formed Colourware Ltd in about 1994 and I only stopped running that company when I became ultra busy at Leeds University in my professorial role and when I was also Head of School of Design. I can’t say any more about what we have planned just now but hopefully I will be able to do that soon.

red rage in schools

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Staff at a primary school in Dundee want to change the colour of the uniform because they think the red colour could affect children’s behaviour. According to the Headmistress Gillian Knox:

‘Red is often used to energise body and mind, and some research indicates that it can increase heart and breathing rates. [This is] not the calm, relaxed learning state we hope to achieve. A recent study linked red to impaired performance on achievement tasks.’

Pupils currently wear a bright red jumper or cardigan with grey trousers or skirt. But teachers want there to be only ‘small amounts’ of red – such as in the school tie.

However, although statements such as this – that red raises heart rates – are all over the red and often cited as facts (as in ‘everybody knows’) in fact there is very little evidence that looking at red can affect heart rates. We ran a study at University of Leeds last year and found no statistically significant effect of the colour of light on subjects’ heart rates or on their blood pressure. A review of the literature reveals little evidence: there is a PhD thesis from California from about 1950 that nobody can get hold off and a study with mentally handicapped children in the 80s. That’s it. Light certainly affects us physiologically but it is far from fact that red raises blood pressure.

MRes Colour Communication

colour communication

We’re starting a new programme at Leeds University next September. It’s MRes Colour Communication. This is a one-year Masters programme by research but with a twist. There is a taught component in the first semester to get everyone up to speed to make sure they understand the basics of colour communication. They then explore one aspect of this in their research project and submit a dissertation at the end of the year. Please contact me at my University email of s.westland@leeds.ac.uk for further information or visit http://www.design.leeds.ac.uk/pg/research-degrees/.

Welcome to my blog

I am passionate about sharing my knowledge about colour to anyone who is prepared to listen. I work as a professor of colour science at the University of Leeds, in the School of Design, but I have held academic posts in departments of Chemistry, Physics, Neuroscience, and Engineering. Sounds like a mixed bag, but my interest was colour chemistry, colour physics, colour neuroscience, colour engineering and colour design. You see I have come to believe that colour is the perfect meta-discipline and that to understand colour you need to be able to understand (but not necessarily be an expert in) different fields of knowledge.

One way to use this blog is to just browse through it and dip in here or there. However, another way is to click on one of the categories (that interest you) such as culture, design, fun, and technology and see posts in that area. You can find the categories on the right-hand side of the page if you scroll down.

You can also comment on the blogs. I really like this, even if you disagree with me. Someone once said to me if you put ten colour physicists in a room and ask them a question (presumably about colour physics) you’ll get 10 different answers. Well, I guess not all of you reading this are colour physicists. Given our different interests and backgrounds, and given the complexity of colour, it’s not surprising that we will disagree from time to time. And that is rather the fun part.

If you have a technical question you’d love me to answer you can click on Ask Me and post it there. You can also email me at s.westland@leeds.ac.uk. I am also offering more detailed information about colour on my patreon page so take a look there if that might be of interest. 

The Colourchat blog is now sponsored by Colour Intelligence

 

is colour forecasting ethical?

high-heel-shoes

Colour Forecasting is big business. What is it? Well, if you search on the internet you may find something like this:

Design firms and retail markets utilize forecasting services to predict trends in color. Color forecasting helps designers (who work a season ahead) what fabrics and styles will be popular in future months or years. Color forecasting resources help predict trends in the fashion industry, and also home home design.

This suggests that colour forecasting predicts which colours will be fashionable in the future; for example, next year. However, I think there is another way to look at it. I am not at all sure that it is a prediction process at all; I prefer to refer to it as a marketing process. This is what happens. A group of people work very hard and have a great deal of expertise and through their activity and global network they produce a ‘prediction’ of what colour will be popular next year. Normally the prediction is not a single colour but a colour palette; but for simplicity let’s assume that it is a single colour and it’s red. The last thing retailers want is stock they cannot sell so they are very keen to find out what the colour forecasters are saying. When they hear that red is going to be popular they make sure that they purchase and stock large amounts of red stuff. Fashion magazines such as Cosmopolitan and Vogue want readers to buy their magazines and want to be seen to be on trend and so they publish story after story about how the next big thing is going to be red. Now think about the consumer. The fashion magazines are full of red and the stores are full of red. What do you think the consumer is going to buy? Can you see why I think the process is more about consumer manipulation than it is about prediction (in the scientific sense)?

Actually, that colour forecasting is not a really a prediction process isn’t even my main gripe. Rather, it is that colour forecasting (and the fashion industry more generally) encourages people to buy more clothes than they need. Do we really need to keep up with the latest fashions? Our consumption of textiles is already unsustainable and we cannot go on behaving as we have done in the past.

One of the final-year students in the School of Design at the University of Leeds is undertaking a research dissertation in this area which I am supervising. She’s running a short questionnaire and needs as many people as possible to complete it. It’s very short; please take a look here.

Survey about colour

University of Leeds Campus
University of Leeds Campus

I am very lucky to be working with Sea-hwa Won from South Korea who is here in Leeds for three years undertaking a PhD in colour design. Her PhD is about …. well, I can’t tell you that yet because it might influence the answers you give to her on-line survey. She has just launched an on-line survey about colour and product design and it would be great if you would help her research by clicking on the link below and completing the survey. Later, when the survey is complete I will say something about what the research is about.

Click here to take the colour survey. It only takes a minute of your time and for that you will receive the warm glow of satisfaction that you have contributed to the advancement of colour science.